1. Soil Testing - The year starts with testing the soil to determine if the necessary nutrients and balances are present to support optimal plant health. A professional agronomist makes a recommendation on soil additives that would provide the best conditions for the vines.

2. Priming - Dormant pruning is done in the dead of winter. Last season's canes are removed and the permanent plant structure is rebuilt or rebalanced to hopefully grow more and better grapes

3. Sprays - Once the canes begin to grow, spraying to control powdery mildew and fungus occurs every other week during the growing season. These sprays are a rotation of oils, sulfur, and synthetic fungicides. Without control of these pests no grapes would be harvested.